EXCRETORY SYSTEM

                                           EXCRETORY SYSTEM

SET - 1

Question 1

_______ facilitates reabsorption of water by the nephron.

A	Loop of the nephron
B	Medulla
C	Cortex
D	Pelvis
Question 2

A Brush border is formed in

A	Distal convoluted tubule
B	Proximal convoluted tubule
C	Bowman’s capsule
D	Loop of Henle

Question 3

Ability of the kidneys for the production of concentrated urine is dependent on _______.

A	Active transport
B	Passive transport
C	Countercurrent mechanism
D	Diffusion
Question 4

Accumulation of urea and other waste substances in the blood is called

A	Hemodialysis
B	Cystitis
C	Uremia
D	Urethritis

Question 5

Bile manufactured by liver is stored within the ________.

A	Urinary bladder
B	Gallbladder
C	Liver
D	Lungs
Question 6

Certain ions and molecules, for examples H+ and penicillin are secreted from the peritubular capillary network into the _______.

A	Convoluted tubules
B	Peritubular capillaries
C	Loops of Henle
D	Collecting ducts

Question 7

Correct sequence of urine formation is

A	Filtration, reabsorption, secretion
B	Secretion, reabsorption, filtration
C	Reabsorption, secretion, filtration
D	Reabsorption, filtration secretion
Question 8

Creatinine the waste product closely regulated by the brain and kidneys is the end product of the metabolism of _____.

A	Ammonia
B	Muscle
C	Nucleotide
D	Anaerobic

Question 9

Glomerular capsule and Convoluted tubules always lie within the _______.

A	Renal pelvis
B	Renal medulla
C	Renal cortex
D	None of these
Question 10

Glomerular filtrate passes from glomerular capsule into the ______

A	Loop of the nephron
B	Proximal convoluted tubule
C	Glomerular capsule
D	Convoluted tubule

Question 11

If a man takes large amount of protein, he is likely to excrete more amount of

A	Glucose
B	Urea and uric acid
C	Water
D	Salts
Question 12

If a person undergoes a prolonged fasting then his urine will be found to contain higher levels of

A	Ketones
B	Amino acids
C	Fats
D	Glucose

Question 13

In the kidneys, osmotic pressure controls ______.

A	Glucose absorption
B	Sodium absorption
C	Water absorption
D	none of these
Question 14

Most of the reabsorption of salts and water occurs in the ______.

A	Distal convoluted tubule
B	Loops of Henle
C	Proximal convoluted tubule
D	Collecting tubule

Question 15

Which one of the following statements is correct with respect to kidney function regulation?

A	During summer when body loses lot of water by evaporation, the release of ADH is suppressed
B	When someone drinks lot of water, ADH release is suppressed
C	Exposure to cold temperature stimulates ADH release
D	An increase in glomerular blood flow stimulates formation of Angiotensin II

SET -2

Question 1

The basic functional unit of human kidney is

A	Henle’s loop
B	Nephron
C	Nephridia
D	Pyramid
Question 2

Ornithine cycle (also known as the urea cycle) refers to the sequence of biochemical reactions taking place in the

A	Urinary bladder
B	Liver
C	Pancreas
D	Stomach

Question 3

The Bowman’s capsules are found in

A	Cortex
B	Medulla
C	Convoluted tubule
D	Loop of Henle
Question 4

The hollow space at the centre of kidney where urine is collected after its formation is called

A	Renal pelvis
B	Glomerulus
C	Distal convoluted tubule
D	Urethra

Question 5

The lungs are important organs for excretion of

A	Ammonia
B	Water
C	Carbon dioxide
D	Urea
Question 6

The main nitrogen-containing waste excreted in urine is

A	Ammonia
B	Creatine phosphate
C	Nucleotides
D	Urea

Question 7

The muscular tubes which take the urine from the kidneys to the bladder are

A	Urinary bladders
B	Ureters
C	Urethras
D	Nephrons
Question 8

The principal nitrogenous excretory compound in humans is synthesised

A	In the liver but eliminated mostly through kidneys
B	In kidneys but eliminated mostly through liver
C	In kidneys as well as eliminated by kidneys
D	In liver and also eliminated by the same through bile

Question 9

The process of dilution of urine takes place in

A	Distal tubule
B	Collecting tubule
C	Loop of Henle
D	Proximal tubule
Question 10

The renal medulla consists of cone-shaped tissue masses called _______.

A	Renal pyramid
B	Adipose capsule
C	Renal cortex
D	Renal pelvis

Question 11

The size of filtration slits of Glomerulus are approximately

A	10 nm
B	15 nm
C	20 nm
D	25 nm
Question 12

The term haematuria is used to describe

A	Blood cancer
B	Presence of Red Blood cells in Urine
C	Internal bleeding
D	Blood poisoning

Question 13

The yellow pigment derived from heme breakdown and excreted by kidneys is

A	Uric acid
B	Urochrome
C	Cholesterol
D	Melanin
Question 14

Urea is produced as an excretory substance in human body in

A	Urinary bladder
B	Liver
C	Kidney
D	Rectum

Question 15

Which one of the following statements in regard to the excretion by the human kidneys is correct?

A	Ascending limb of Loop of Henle is impermeable to electrolytes
B	Descending limb of Loop of Henle is impermeable to water
C	Distal convoluted tubule is incapable of reabsorbing HCO3
D	Nearly 99 percent of the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed by the renal tubules

SET -3

Question 1

What is reabsorbed through loop of Henle?

A	Glucose
B	CO2
C	Potassium
D	Water
Question 2

Why do we urinate more in wet and cold months?

A	Kidney becomes more active
B	Increase of ADH secretion
C	Sweating is much reduced
D	Impairment of water absorption in nephron

Question 3

When the infection invades the urinary bladder, it is called

A	Cystitis
B	Urethritis
C	Pyelonephritis
D	Hemodialysis
Question 4

When the infection is localized in the urethra, it is called

A	Urethritis
B	Cystitis
C	Pyelonephritis
D	Hemodialysis

Question 5

Which of the following hormones is involved in regulating the water-salt balance of the blood?

A	Cortisone
B	Aldosterone
C	ADH
D	ANH
Question 6

Which of the following hormones promotes the excretion of potassium ions and the reabsorption of sodium ions?

A	Aldosterone
B	Rennin
C	ADH
D	None of these

Question 7

Which of the following leads to the secretion of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex?

A	Chymotrypsin
B	Trypsin
C	Renin
D	None of these
Question 8

Which of the following structures facilitates easy passage of small molecules to the glomerular capsule?

A	Loop of the nephron
B	Peritubular capillary
C	Convoluted tubule
D	Glomerulus

Question 9

Which of the two waste products are removed from the blood in liver by Ornithine cycle?

A	Urea and CO2
B	Uric acid and ammonia
C	Ammonia and CO2
D	Urea and ammonia
Question 10

Which one of following correctly explains the function of a specific part of a human nephron?

A	Afferent arteriole : Carries the blood away from the glomerulus towards renal vein
B	Podocytes : Create minute spaces (slit pores) for the filtration of blood into the Bowman's capsule
C	Henle's loop : Most reabsorption of the major substances from the glomerular filtrate
D	Distal convoluted tubule: Reabsorption of K+ ions into the surrounding blood capillaries

Question 11

Which one of the following is not a part of a renal pyramid?

A	Loops of Henle
B	Peritubular capillaries
C	Convoluted tubules
D	Collecting ducts
Question 12

Which one of the following secreted by posterior pituitary regulates water retention by the kidneys?

A	Antidiuretic hormone
B	Aldosterone
C	Thyroxine
D	Erythropoietin

Question 13

Volume of urine is regulated by

A	Aldosterone
B	Aldosterone and testosterone
C	ADH
D	Aldosterone and ADH
Question 14

One of the followings is a nonsteroid hormones secreted by the atria of the heart and helps regulate blood pressure.

A	Erythropoietin
B	Antidiuretic hormone
C	Thyroxine
D	Atrial natriuretic hormone

Question 15

What will happen if the stretch receptors of the urinary bladder wall are totally removed?

A	There will be no micturition
B	Urine will not collect in the bladder
C	Micturition will continue
D	Urine will continue to collect normally in the bladder